A "Double Whammy" of Disasters: Flooding and COVID-19 in rural West Virginia
This online exhibit is the result of a photovoice project that was designed to capture life in rural West Virginia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The project centered on the town of Rainelle, located in Greenbrier County in Southeastern West Virginia, which has experienced decades of socio-economic hardship from the decline of regional timber and coal industries and a devastating flood in 2016 that damaged hundreds of homes and businesses. With funding from the WVU Humanities Center, this project brought together faculty member Jamie Shinn and her key informant from previous research in Rainelle, John Wyatt. Together, they identified a group of nine residents to participate in the project, including local business owners, city council members, parents, and retirees.
Together with excerpts from interviews and a focus group with participants, the photos tell the story of one small town during the global pandemic and the ways it impacted life there. It is as much a story about a tight knit community surrounded by natural beauty as it is one of isolation, small town politics, and the economic toll of the pandemic in a place that was already suffering. Most strikingly, the photos tell the story of how the pandemic intersected with ongoing flood recovery efforts, or what one participant called "the double whammy" of disasters. The result is a visual representation of people's experiences with COVID-19 in ways both familiar and unique, as told through their own voices and lenses.
The View from Above
Photographer: Dave Sweet
When I go to Krogers I know every face I see. I know every single person I see. I've known them and have known them my entire life. So if somebody dies in this town, all of us know them. We know their family. We know their Mama. You know what I mean? It means something. All of us grieve. So it's not like you know, living in a place where you don't know everybody, we do. And if you hear your neighbor died of COVID, or someone who works at the restaurant down the street, it's more impactful in a town where there's just not that many of us.
- Rainelle resident
A Town Built to Carry On
Photographer: John Wyatt
While I had the COVID, I was alone. The first evening or two, there was a knock on the door, and I opened the door and here was the owner of [a local restaurant] and he had a big bag of food... every evening he would come and bring me food. Wow. No way in the world I could eat anything, but, man, I appreciated that. And many other people in town who have had the COVID. I've heard similar stories out of neighbors.
- Rainelle resident
COVID-19 Rules
Photographer: Roger Brown
I have a sign up of course on my business that says, "please wear your mask before entering," you know, but you can't force them to. We don't say anything if they're not, but I keep mine on. I'm the only one here that wears one.
- Rainelle resident
Crossroads
Photographer: Ron Fleshman
The whole story about...dealing with COVID is we've hit almost back to back. It's a tough thing. It's a wonder there's any business left in town.
> Rainelle resident
Bridge Over Troubled Water
Photographer: Dave Sweet
I was thinking what if it floods during COVID? What would we do because there won't be any water and we wouldn't be able to clean stuff and we'd have to go out and get stuff from where they're giving away water. You know what I'm saying? I thought about that the whole time.
- Rainelle resident
Rushing Water
Photographer: Anita Simms
The springtime came last year... and every time it rained, I was thinking, Oh God, that would be like the worst thing that could ever happen if it would flood again while the pandemic's going on.
- Rainelle resident
For Rent
Photographer: Carl Helmick
Quiet Street
Photographer: Dave Sweet
Outdoor Worship
Photographer: Carl Helmick
Thousand Year Flood
Photographer: Dave Sweet Name
I know for a fact that the town was literally devastated with the flood to the point, say we have another one, heaven forbid, that would do the town in. They would have to bulldoze the whole everything and turn it into a big pasture or something. Nobody would be able to - none of the businesses I don't think would go back.
- Rainelle resident
Food Distribution
Photographer: Frank Groves
It was
also terrifying for these people. I know a lot of people that work in the
service industry... the grocery store, McDonald's... they had to go to work anyway.
They had people in their families that were at risk... it was terrifying for
them, they were thinking, "oh my god, I'm gonna bring covid [home] because
10,000 people have went through my line today and I got to be here.
- Rainelle resident
Political Rally
Photographer: Dave Sweet
She was a mask denier. I saw her on the Saturday before she got sick in Walmart. We were very close, by the way. I saw her at Walmart and she had her mask on down below her nose. We joked about it and I said "You better keep it over your nose..." She said, "I hate these masks." She kept telling me that on the election, this would all go away. Well, she got it on election day. And she spent a month on a ventilator and you know, she just couldn't make it. [She] and I worked together for 20 years... She was special. I don't think there's any way to replace her to tell you the truth.
- Rainelle resident
Canceled Until Further Notice
Photographer: Joyce Cline
The majority of people in the beginning of [the pandemic]... were in total denial. They simply did not believe that it was a thing. They believed it was related to politics... There was a sense of rage, that everything was canceled.
- Rainelle resident
Empty Church
Photographer: Frank Groves
For a lot of people, church is their community and to have that ripped away from you like that, it creates such a feeling of isolation... that isolation thing is important too because we're isolated here in Rainelle, pretty isolated from the outside world.
- Rainelle resident
High Water Level
Photographer: David Smith
The flooding, it took people's homes, family, loved ones, our friends...a lot of people died and we about lost our town in that flood.
- Rainelle resident
Thank You Front Liners
Photographer: Joyce Cline
Well there's a couple people in town that had a member of their family that lives in their house that have had COVID, been hospitalized for COVID for weeks lost their jobs, they're bankrupt. They can't go back to work because they're still sick. They can't buy groceries. They can't pay their rent.
- Rainelle resident
Everyone Welcome
Photographer: Carl Helmick
God's a very important part of my life... It's hard not being with your brothers and sisters in church fellowshipping together. I know you can watch TV and see preaching and stuff on there, but you can't ask that TV a question.
> Rainelle resident
Boggs Creek
Photographer: David Smith
Every time that sound, the emergency broadcast sound comes on our phones and the TV or something, it bothers me and it really bothers my kids.
- Rainelle resident
Standing Water
Photographer: Dave Sweet
Anytime they talk about the possibility of flooding, flash flooding, or a bad storm system or anything like that, everybody that owns business in that town or that lives in that town, absolutely, their nerves go on end. I can't eat, I can't sleep, whenever they start talking you know that there's a bad storm system coming and everybody that I know of is in the same shape.
- Rainelle resident
Where the Sidewalk Ends
Photographer: Roger Brown
Everyone still is devastated about the flood and COVID just planted on top of it. Double whammy. We're like intermingling these two catastrophes in our lives and minds.
- Rainelle resident
Still Standing
Photographer: David Smith
Most of those houses that I put pictures of, have five to seven feet of water in them. A lot of people just moved off and abandoned their houses...
- Rainelle resident
Empty Classroom
Photographer: Ron Fleshman
Demolition
Photographer: Anita Simms
Garden Beds
Photographer: Joyce Cline
Coal
Photographer: Anita Simms
You can't hardly tell that the virus is down here because we didn't have nothing to start with. We didn't have an economy here to start with, except the extractive resources, you know, the timber and the coal.
- Rainelle resident
Timber
Photographer: Frank Groves
Coal mining is a thing of the past here, when I was growing up, my dad could walk to work to the mines. But there aren't any mines around here now. The only place there is for people to work is Kroger, Dollar General, convenience stores, you know, McDonald's and stuff like that.
- Rainelle resident
Mask Up
Photographer: Joyce Cline
I don't know about y'all, but I was angry during COVID. Very, very angry and bitter because ... my kid would not survive COVID. And I'm going to Kroger just trying to get the stuff that we need to live for a few weeks. And there's people in there just doing whatever they please and you know, running, spreading it around and the cases are going up, up up.... can you not just care about your neighbor for five seconds?
- Rainelle resident
Coal Train
Photographer: Frank Groves
Attendance Today
Photographer: John Wyatt
Dine In, Carry Out
Photographer: Dave Sweet